Assumption Testing: Airpower is inherently offensive

…Justin Bronk, Nick Reynolds, and Jack Watling, The Russian Air War and the Ukrainian Requirements for Air Defence (London: RUSI, November 2022), https://rusi.org/explore-our-research/publications/special-resources/russian-air-war-and-ukrainian-requirements-air-defence; Bremer and Grieco, “In Denial about Denial.” …
India’s 2024-2025 Defense Budget: Incremental Progress at Best

…the Modi 3.0 government’s first budget in July 2024, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman allocated approximately USD $74 billion to the Ministry of Defense (MoD) (see Table 1). This allocation…
Gulf security and the role that Nato is looking to play here
…in joining at no political cost or preconditions for them. What Nato offers is military and security cooperation to improve inter-operability and professionalism. Its menu of proposed activities includes defence…
Resilience, Human Security, and the Protection of Civilians: A Critical Approach for Future Urban Conflict

…line of defense.”32 Note: Wolf-Diether Roepke and Hasit Thankey, “Resilience: The First Line of Defence” (Defence Policy and Planning Division – NATO Headquarters, February 2019), https://www.jwc.nato.int/images/stories/_news_items_/2019/three-swords/ResilienceTotalDef.pdf. Moreover, in addition to…
Improve UN Civilian Capacity to Build Back Swiftly in the Aftermath of Conflict

…Security and Defence Policy: EU strengthens its capacities to act. November 19, 2018. Accessed May 20, 2020. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2018/11/19/civilian-common-security-and-defence-policy-eu-strengthens-its-capacities-to-act/, and European Council. Civilian CSDP Compact: Council adopts conclusions. December 9, 2019….
Agreement Between India and Pakistan on the Advance Notice of Military Exercises
…with defensive roles are moved to their operational locations for periodic maintenance of defences. 5. The schedule of major exercises with troops will be transmitted in writing to the other…
Host-Country Consent in UN Peacekeeping

…Note: The other two principles are impartiality and “non-use of force except in self-defence and defence of the mandate.” See UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations and UN Department of Field…
Living With a Nuclear-Arming North Korea: Deterrence Decisions in a Deteriorating Threat Environment

…a legacy of decisions made in very different security environments in 1991 and 2010, is no longer fit for purpose as presently composed. It must be modified to enable improved…