Climate Stress and Civilian Targeting in the Sahel: Between Violence and Opportunity
…the Potential Pathways to Conflict: Outlining a Research Agenda,” WIREs Climate Change 12, no. 5 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.722; Malin Mobjörk, Florian Krampe, and Kheira Tarif, Pathways of Climate Insecurity: Guidance for Policymakers, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), 2020, https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2020-11/pb_2011_pathways_2.pdf; Robert Muggah and José Luengo Cabrera, “The…
Social Media Mis-/Disinformation and the Risk of Atrocities in the United States
…of threats and risks. 15 Jared Holt, “After the Insurrection: How Domestic Extremists Adapted and Evolved After the January 6 US Capitol Attack,” DFRLab, Atlantic Council, 2022, https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/in-depth-research-reports/report/after-the-insurrection-how-domestic-extremists-adapted-and-evolved-after-the-january-6-us-capitol-attack/. 16 Arguably,…
Countering Digital Deception: National Responses to Online Scams
…June 2023, https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Trafficking-in-Persons-Report-2023_Introduction-Additional-Pagesv4_FINAL.pdf”https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Trafficking-in-Persons-Report-2023_Introduction-Additional-Pagesv4_FINAL.pdf. 9 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, “Inflection Point: Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia,” April 2025, https://www.unodc.org/roseap/uploads/documents/Publications/2025/Inflection_Point_2025.pdf….
AI Unleashed: Techno-Sovereignty and the Rules Deficit
…ahead. Thus, it is not surprising that Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI, which created the ChatGPT4, says, “I’m a little bit scared of this.” Both OpenAI and Google reportedly…
Future Urban Conflict, Technology, and the Protection of Civilians
…operate in.10”Government of United Kingdom, Ministry of Defence, “Strategic Trends Programme: Future Operating Environment 2035,” (Shrivenham: HMG Publishing Service, 2014). https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/646821/20151203-FOE_35_final_v29_web.pdf. This urban environment involves multiple factors. In fact, based…
A Leaner and Meaner Defense
…while retaining a sufficiently large and superior force for critical missions. Eliminating counterinsurgency, stabilization, and nation building as first-order tasks would allow for cuts in the number of ground forces….
Annual Reports 2023: Positive Trends and Enduring Challenges in ATT Reporting
…website as of 8 October 2024 and from interviews with ATT Secretariat staff.1ATT Secretariat, “Annual Reports,” https://thearmstradetreaty.org/annual-reports.html?templateId=209826. Where this report provides information on the content of these reports, it does…
Future Wars: Protecting Civilians in High-Intensity Urban Warfare
…non-military actors. The understood risk is that civilian safety and security can become leveraged by military forces. Despite NATO forces taking all necessary precautions, CIVCAS will happen, and NATO forces…