Stephen Mercado is a Nonresident Fellow with 38 North at the Stimson Center. Mercado, who earned a master’s degree in international affairs at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs, is a retired officer of the CIA’s Open Source Enterprise (originally the Foreign Broadcast Information Service). Mercado is a researcher primarily interested in Japanese intelligence history and Asian open-source intelligence, and the author of The Shadow Warriors of Nakano: A History of the Imperial Japanese Army’s Elite Intelligence School (Brassey’s, 2002), several articles, and a few dozen book reviews.