Future of Peace Operations

Program Publications

• January 25, 2013 / By Aditi Gorur, Michelle Ker
  Mali: Planning Now for Peacebuilding
  

  The last few weeks have seen a flurry of new developments in the crisis in Mali. While many stakeholders focus on the immediate objective of neutralizing Islamist militants' ability to

  … Read More »
• December 21, 2012 / By Aditi Gorur
  Striking while the Iron’s Hot: The Case for Humanitarian Engagement with M23 after Goma
  

  Many people were taken aback when the rebel group M23 managed to capture the strategically vital city of Goma in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) on 20 November. They were even

  … Read More »
• October 31, 2012 / By Aditi Gorur
  Turning Talk into Action: Encouraging M23 to Uphold Human Rights
  

  "If this goes on, we are considering taking Goma and rescuing the population... we are going to protect them. We are going to prevent those crimes against civilians." -- Vianney

  … Read More »
• October 22, 2012 / By William Durch, Michelle Ker
  UN Police, Justice and Corrections Programming: Summarizing Recent Practice
  

  Case studies for nine UN complex operations and special political missions were developed by Stimson at the request of the Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions (OROLSI) of the

  … Read More »
• September 24, 2012 / By Sweta Maturu
  To Combat Sexual Violence in Liberia: A Need for Sharper Focus on Traditional Justice
  

  The UN's peacekeeping mission in Liberia has been working to reduce that country's high rate of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), a legacy of its devastating 14-year civil war.

  … Read More »
• August 09, 2012 / By Marina Tolchinsky
  Mali in Crisis: Tailoring Strategies to Mitigate Violence
  

  Once hailed as the shining star of democracy and stability in West Africa, Mali has recently descended into chaos with a military coup, rebellion in the North, and deteriorating

  … Read More »
• July 26, 2012 / By William Durch, Michelle Ker
  Understanding Impact of Police, Justice and Corrections Components in UN Peace Operations
  

  The UN Security Council is sending record numbers of personnel into peace operations of growing complexity in environments where critical government functions, including criminal

  … Read More »
• July 09, 2012 / By Alison Giffen
  Measuring Success in the Sudans
  

  Today marks the one-year anniversary of South Sudan's independence from Sudan. To measure what has been achieved, the baseline for progress should reach at least as far back as January

  … Read More »
• July 03, 2012 / By William Durch, Madeline England, Fiona Mangan, Michelle Ker
  Understanding Impact of Police, Justice and Corrections Components in UN Peace Operations
  

  Over the last decade or so, the UN Security Council gave complex UN peace operations broader mandates in police development, followed by mandates to help restore criminal justice systems

  … Read More »
• June 25, 2012 / By Guy Hammond
  Saving Port-au-Prince: United Nations Efforts to Protect Civilians in Haiti in 2006–2007
  

  Policy makers, practitioners, and experts alike have increasingly identified the protection of civilians as a priority for United Nations peacekeeping operations and as key to mission

  … Read More »
• December 15, 2011 / By Victoria Metcalfe, Alison Giffen, Samir Elhawary
  UN Integration and Humanitarian Space
  

  An Independent Study Commissioned by the UN Integration Steering Group

  For over two decades, the United Nations has developed policies and practices to create greater coherence

  … Read More »
• November 03, 2011 / By Shannon Zimmerman
  Where Will Tunisia Take Us?
  

  Most Tunisians have waited a lifetime to vote in an election in which the result was not predetermined. On October 23rd, they had that chance. Roughly 90 percent of registered

  … Read More »
• October 25, 2011 / By Alison Giffen, Max Kelly
  Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit
  

  For a number of years, Stimson research has focused on identifying the obstacles that multilateral organizations and individual states face in preventing and responding to widespread and

  … Read More »
• October 19, 2011 / By Guy Hammond
  Eliminating the Lord’s Resistance Army Once and for All
  

  Last week, President Barack Obama announced that the United States would send about 100 troops to central Africa to assist regional forces combating the Lord’s Resistance Army. The

  … Read More »
• August 01, 2011
  Protection of Civilians in UN Peacekeeping: Reform Requests and Initiatives of the Secretariat
  

  Since 1999, ten UN peacekeeping operations have been mandated to protect civilians from the ‘imminent threat of physical violence.’ Over the next ten years, UN peacekeepers struggled

  … Read More »
• May 27, 2011
  Fulfilling the Promise of Protection: Charting a Course for Policymakers and Advocates
  

  Over the last two years, the UN Security Council, UN General Assembly Special Committee on Peacekeeping (C-34), and UN Secretariat have taken unprecedented steps to reform policies

  … Read More »
• May 23, 2011 / By Mayesha Alam
  Engendering Peace Support Operations:  Benefits of Increased Female Participation and Leadership
  

  Women are systematically targeted during violent conflict and subjected to rape, torture or indentured servitude all too often. Recognizing this reality, the UN Security Council passed

  … Read More »
• May 12, 2011 / By Susan Megy
  Elections and Violence in West Africa: Can ECOWAS Peacekeepers Help?
  

  Nigeria's April 16th election has been hailed the most credible since its return to civilian rule in 1999, yet rioting, displacement and heavy civilian casualties in the north have

  … Read More »
• May 04, 2011 / By Alison Giffen
  Considerations for a New Peacekeeping Operation in South Sudan
  

  Following the secession of South Sudan on July 9, 2011, preventing violence against civilians in the new state and along its northern border will remain a priority - if not the primary

  … Read More »
• April 20, 2011 / By Rebecca Friedrichs
  Timeline: Election Crisis in Côte d’Ivoire
  

  On 11 April 2011, forces loyal to newly elected President Outtara detained Former President Gbagbo, effectively ending a four-month long stalemate in Côte d’Ivoire. Amidst the stand-off,

  … Read More »
• April 20, 2011 / By Rebecca Friedrichs
  Côte d’Ivoire: UN Peacekeeping, Impartiality and Protection of Civilians
  

  Last week, forces loyal to President Ouattara seized Former President Laurent Gbagbo from his home, ending a stalemate that began after elections in November 2010.  The recent events in

  … Read More »
• April 07, 2011 / By Alison Giffen
  Fundamentals of Protecting Civilians
  

  President Obama has used the protection of civilians as the primary rationale for initiating military action in Libya, with the support of the UN Security Council. Libya isn't the only

  … Read More »
• April 04, 2011
  Voting and Violence in Cote d’Ivoire: The Challenge of Conflict Prevention
  

  United Nations peacekeepers, with significant support from France, launched strikes against the heavy weaponry of forces loyal to former President Laurent Gbagbo in an effort to

  … Read More »
• March 28, 2011 / By William Durch
  Libya: Predation, Protection and Political Change
  

  On March 17th, the UN Security Council authorized "all necessary measures...to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat of attack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya." Its

  … Read More »
• February 15, 2011 / By Alison Giffen
  Expeditionary Diplomacy Could Save Lives in Sudan
  

  On February 7th, Southern Sudan's Referendum Commission officially announced that 99% of Southerners voted for secession. The international community has made extraordinary investments

  … Read More »
• January 07, 2011 / By Alison Giffen
  Will the World’s High Risk Investment in Sudan Protect Civilians?
  

  From January 9-11, southern Sudan will vote whether to secede and become Africa's newest country. The international community has made extraordinary investments to prevent a reigniting

  … Read More »
• January 03, 2011 / By Kristoffer Tangri
  Britain’s Age of Austerity: An Opportunity for European Defense Cooperation
  

  Amidst the largest public expenditure cuts since World War II, the UK's Conservative-led coalition government is pushing through far-reaching defense reforms and using them to create a

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2010 / By William Durch
  Supporting Peace: The End
  

  Stimson Senior Associate William Durch contributed an article, “Supporting Peace: The End,” to National Defense University’s journal Prism. This article focuses on exit strategies for

  … Read More »
• October 01, 2010 / By William Durch, Alison Giffen
  Challenges of Strengthening the Protection of Civilians in Multidimensional Peace Operations
  

  Over the last decade, UN peacekeeping operations have more frequently been deployed into complex environments where there is little but an unstable peace to keep and where former

  … Read More »
• September 27, 2010 / By William Durch, Madeline England
  Enhancing United Nations Capacity to Support Post-Conflict Policing and Rule of Law
  

  Revised and updated in 2010 by editors William Durch and Madeline England

  This report provides an overview of recent trends in the use of police in UN peacekeeping missions, assesses

  … Read More »
• September 17, 2010 / By Alix Boucher
  UN Panels of Experts and UN Peace Operations
  

  Drawing on research and interviews conducted in Côte d’Ivoire, DRC, Liberia, Washington, and New York, UN Panels of Experts and UN Peace Operations: Exploiting Synergies for

  … Read More »
• May 26, 2010 / By Max Kelly
  Protecting Civilians: Proposed Principles for Military Operations
  

  Whether as the primary goal or a key operational objective, protecting civilians from systematic violence and mass atrocity creates unique considerations for military operations. This

  … Read More »
• May 26, 2010 / By Alison Giffen
  Giffen Testifies before Senate Committee on Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs
  

  On May 26, 2010, Alison Giffen was asked to testify before the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs for the hearing entitled: “Assessing Challenges

  … Read More »
• April 01, 2010 / By Kathleen A. Walsh, Katherine N. Andrews, Brandon L. Hunt, William Durch, Alix Boucher
  Post-Conflict Borders and UN Peace Operations
  

  This border security study from the Future of Peace Operations (FOPO) program is in two parts. For part one, author Kathleen A. Walsh surveyed more than 100 international border

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Madeline England
  Management of the Security Sector: A Note on Current Practice
  

  Management of the security sector is the implementation, direction, and operation of security policies, decisions, and practices. Management requires horizontal and vertical capacities,

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Madeline England
  Security Sector Governance and Oversight: A Note on Current Practice
  

  Although definitions for security sector governance vary, reform centers around two dimensions that enable effective oversight and accountability of the security and justice sector: 1)

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Alix Boucher
  National Security Policies and Strategies: A Note on Current Practice
  

  A national security policy (NSP) is a government-wide analysis and description of the strategic level concerns a country faces; it addresses how the government plans to deals with these

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Madeline England, Alix Boucher
  Security Sector Reform Best Practices and Lessons Learned
  

  Security sector reform (SSR) aims to support the development of “effective, inclusive and accountable security institutions so as to contribute to international peace and security,

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Alix Boucher
  Threat Assessments and Reviews: A Note on Current Practice
  

  Threat assessments compile and analyze current and prospective challenges to a country’s security and interests, and may be conducted as part of wider reviews of national security and

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Madeline England
  SSR in Stabilization Environments: A Note on Current Practice
  

  This practice note focuses on planning and implementing SSR activities in stabilization environments. Stabilization environments are characterized by circumstances related to descent

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Alix Boucher
  Defense Sector Reform: A Note on Current Practice
  

  In countries recovering from conflict, defence institutions may be particularly resistant to change, often because change would entail loss of political control or decreased access to

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2009 / By Alix Boucher, William Durch
  Security Sector Reform Best Practices and Lessons Learned Reference Spreadsheet
  

  FOPO, at the request of the Security Sector Reform (SSR) Unit in UN DPKO’s Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions, has collected and analyzed good practices in six key areas of

  … Read More »
• November 17, 2009 / By Victoria Holt, Glyn Taylor, Max Kelly
  Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations
  

  By Victoria Holt and Glyn Taylor with Max Kelly

  In December 2009, the United Nations released a much-anticipated independent study, Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping

  … Read More »
• September 24, 2009 / By Alix Boucher
  UN Panels of Experts: They’re About More than Just Monitoring Sanctions
  

  On 12 January 2009, the Stimson Center hosted a workshop to mark the launch of a new report, Targeting Spoilers:The Role of UN Panels of Experts by Alix J. Boucher and Victoria K. Holt.

  … Read More »
• September 24, 2009 / By William Durch
  International Police: Improving Effectiveness and Responsiveness
  

  The growing numbers of international police authorized by the Security Council to serve in UN peace operations attest to a recognition of the importance, and challenge, of fostering the

  … Read More »
• September 01, 2009 / By William Durch
  Ending Impunity: New Tools for Criminal Accountability in UN Peace Operations
  

  One of the most challenging problems for building the rule of law in post-conflict states has been establishing effective criminal accountability for personnel serving in UN peace

  … Read More »
• June 27, 2009 / By William Durch, Madeline England
  Improving Criminal Accountability in United Nations Peace Operations
  

  In 2004, major problems of sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and other operations became a public scandal for the United Nations.

  … Read More »
• June 04, 2009 / By Alix Boucher, Madeline England
  Security Sector Reform: Current Challenges and US Policy
  

  On June 4, 2009, the Future of Peace Operations (FOPO) Program at the Stimson Center hosted an expert workshop on security sector reform (SSR). The workshop showcased Stimson’s

  … Read More »
• April 30, 2009 / By William Durch, Gordon Adams
  Presidential Inbox 2009: The First 100 Days
  

  The first 100 days of any administration are filled with tough choices and breaks from past policies. This administration is no different. In the lead-up to the election, Stimson

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2009 / By William Durch
  The Purposes of Peace Operations
  

  Fifteen years ago, peacekeeping was doctrinally and operationally segregated from war-fighting by major powers, but recent evolution of major power doctrines suggests that the old walls

  … Read More »
• January 01, 2009 / By Alix Boucher, Victoria Holt
  Targeting Spoilers: The Role of United Nations Panels of Experts
  

  United Nations Panels of Experts are small, civilian, fact-finding teams appointed by the United Nations (UN) Security Council to monitor the effectiveness of the targeted sanctions it

  … Read More »
• September 09, 2008 / By William Durch
  Peacekeeping Dues and Don’ts: A Checklist for the Next President
  

  By Dr. William J. Durch

  The Challenge

  While America can act on its own in many matters of peace and security, even a superpower has finite resources as the cases of Iraq and Afghanistan

  … Read More »
• May 29, 2008 / By Victoria Holt, Joshua G. Smith
  Halting Widespread or Systematic Attacks Against Civilians
  

  This report is based on a workshop, “Halting Widespread or Systematic Attacks on Civilians: Military Strategies and Operations Concepts,” held at the Kofi Annan International

  … Read More »
• February 01, 2008 / By Victoria Holt, Michael G. Mackinnon
  The Origins and Evolution of US Policy Towards Peace Operations
  

  This article contends that the William Clinton and George W. Bush administrations experienced similar transformations in their respective policies towards UN peace operations and

  … Read More »
• February 01, 2008 / By Daniel H. Levine
  African Civilian Police Capacity for International Peacekeeping Operations
  

  In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of African police deployed in peacekeeping operations, as well as the number of peacekeeping police deployed in Africa.

  … Read More »
• August 15, 2007 / By Katherine N. Andrews, Victoria Holt
  United Nations-African Union Coordination on Peace and Security in Africa
  

  Africa now hosts more peacekeepers than any other region. As of mid-2007, nearly 55,000 UN peacekeepers, about 65 percent of the total worldwide, were deployed to missions in

  … Read More »
• August 01, 2007 / By Joshua G. Smith, Victoria Holt, William Durch
  From Timor-Leste to Darfur: New Initiatives for Enhancing UN Civilian Policing Capacity
  

  As peacekeepers have deployed at unprecedented levels worldwide, the demand for police to serve in such missions has swelled.The United Nations (UN), for example, has increased the use

  … Read More »
• July 15, 2007 / By Alix Boucher, Victoria Holt
  Tracking Bad Guys, Small Arms, and Illicit Trade: The Role of United Nations Panels of Experts
  

  To address civil conflict in Africa, the UN Security Council uses many tools, including the imposition of targeted sanctions. These measures—arms embargoes, restrictions on the trade of

  … Read More »
• July 15, 2007 / By Alix Boucher, Victoria Holt
  US Training, African Peacekeeping: The Global Peace Operations Initiative
  

  In 2004, President Bush announced the launch of an ambitious new program, the Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI), to support training of 75,000 foreign peacekeepers worldwide

  … Read More »
• July 15, 2007 / By Alix Boucher, Victoria Holt
  African Perspectives on African Security Challenges and Modern Peace Operations
  

  Peacekeeping forces are deployed in record numbers in Africa today, working to support sustainable peace in regions from West Africa to the Horn of Africa and from the Western Sahara to

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2007 / By Alix Boucher, William Durch
  Mapping and Fighting Corruption in War-Torn States
  

  A new Future of Peace Operations Program (FOPO) study, Mapping and Fighting Corruption in War-Torn States, examines corruption in war-torn states and summarizes best practices for

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2006 / By William Durch
  Twenty-First-Century Peace Operations
  

  Edited by William J. Durch

  “The publication of William J. Durch’s third in a series of books on peacekeeping is a much-anticipated event. The carefully researched case studies, tied

  … Read More »
• September 01, 2006 / By William Durch, Tobias C. Berkman
  Who Should Keep The Peace?
  

  Maintaining peace has traditionally been the job of nations but, as populations grow, distances shrink, borders leak, and belief systems clash, it has increasingly become a

  … Read More »
• September 01, 2006 / By Victoria Holt, Tobias C. Berkman
  The Impossible Mandate?
  

  Is the world prepared to use military force to protect civilians from mass violence? In 2001, the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty argued that when nations

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2006 / By Victoria Holt, Elisabeth Dallas
  On Trial: The US Military and the International Criminal Court
  

  A new report by FOPO co-director Victoria K. Holt and Elisabeth Dallas argues that the US needs to engage with the International Criminal Court to protect the interests of its military

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2006 / By Victoria Holt
  The Military and Civilian Protection: Developing Roles and Capacities
  

  (Chapter 4 in Resetting the Rules of Engagement: Trends and Issues in Military-Humanitarian Relations, Victoria Wheeler and Adele Harmer (eds.), Humanitarian Policy Group Research Report

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2006 / By Michael Carnahan, William Durch, Scott Gilmore
  Economic Impact of Peacekeeping
  

  FOPO co-director William Durch is the co-author of Economic Impact of Peacekeeping, a ground-breaking and detailed study of peacekeeping operations’ effects on the war-torn economies

  … Read More »
• June 01, 2005 / By Katherine N. Andrews, Tobias C. Berkman
  United Nations Mechanisms for Combating Illegal Trade in Regions of Conflict
  

  UN Panels of Experts (or sometimes Monitoring Mechanisms, Teams, Groups, or Group of Experts) are small teams of experts sent to investigate violations of UN sanctions and to recommend

  … Read More »
• February 01, 2005 / By Moira K. Shanahan, Dara Francis
  US Support to African Capacity for Peace Operations: The ACOTA Program
  

  Since 2002, the United States has provided training support to African militaries through the African Contingency Operations Training and Assistance Program (ACOTA) program. This program

  … Read More »
• February 01, 2005 / By Victoria Holt, Moira K. Shanahan
  African Capacity-Building for Peace Operations: UN Collaboration with the African Union and ECOWAS
  

  Peacekeeping in Africa has grown dramatically over the last five years, with the continent hosting more peacekeepers than any other region. In early 2005, the United Nations led seven

  … Read More »
• January 01, 2005 / By Victoria Holt
  The Responsibility to Protect: Considering the Operational Capacity for Civilian Protection
  

  Commissioned by Canada’s Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, this draft working paper addresses national militaries’ and international organizations’ operational

  … Read More »
• November 01, 2004 / By Victoria Holt
  Evaluating G8 Commitments to Peace and Security in Africa
  

  A paper commissioned by the G8-Africa Partnership Project, led by the Council on Foreign Relations and Chatham House (London), for their June 2004 report, “Freedom, Prosperity, and

  … Read More »
• March 01, 2004 / By Caroline R. Earle
  European Capacities for Peace Operations: Taking Stock
  

  This report marks the conclusion of the Stimson Center’s Transatlantic Dialogue on European Capacities for Peace Operations, an element of the Center’s Future of Peace Operations

  … Read More »
• January 01, 2004 / By William Durch
  Building a Better Peace Operation: Lessons from the Brahimi Report Process
  

  Prepared for the United Nations Foundation by William J. Durch

  As the work of the UN’s High-Level Panel on Threats Challenges and Change began in early 2004, Durch was invited by the

  … Read More »
• December 01, 2003 / By William Durch, Victoria Holt
  The Brahimi Report and the Future of UN Peace Operations
  

  Three years ago, the Panel on UN Peace Operations challenged the international community to strengthen and revitalize UN peace operations. The landmark “Brahimi Report” recommended

  … Read More »
• September 21, 2003 / By William Durch
  Picking Up the Peaces: The UN’s Evolving Postconflict Roles
  

  This article, which uses Iraq to illustrate UN capabilities in post-conflict settings, was sent to press one month before the truck-bombing of UN headquarters in Baghdad. It

  … Read More »
• June 28, 2003 / By William Durch
  Security and Peace Support in Afghanistan: Analysis and Short- to Medium-Term Options
  

  This briefing applies to Afghanistan the strategic lessons learned from international peace implementation efforts in nearly twenty war-torn countries around the globe over the past two

  … Read More »
• June 01, 2002 / By Victoria Holt
  Peace and Stability in Afghanistan
  

  U.S. goals in Afghanistan are broad and clear: root out al Qaeda and the Taliban forces, prevent their return, support self-governance, and ensure security, stability and reconstruction.

  … Read More »
• June 01, 2002
  Views on Security in Afghanistan: Selected Quotes and Statements by U.S. and International Leaders
  

  The United States is broadly supportive of a wide range of efforts in Afghanistan. In January, President Bush and Afghan Chairman Karzai issued a joint statement, putting the U.S. behind

  … Read More »
• June 01, 2002
  Security in Afghanistan: The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)
  

  In the aftermath of September 11 and the U.S.-led operations against terrorist forces in Afghanistan, the United Nations Security Council authorized establishment of a 5,000-strong

  … Read More »
• June 01, 2002
  Rebuilding Afghanistan: The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)
  

  On 28 March 2002, U.N. Security Council Resolution 1401 created the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) to replace the smaller, longstanding U.N. Special Mission in

  … Read More »
• April 01, 2002 / By Elizabeth Turpen, Victoria Holt, Christopher Clary, Moira K. Shanahan
  Following the Money
  

  This report, Following the Money: The Bush Administration FY03 Budget Request and Current Funding for Selected Defense, State, and Energy Department Programs, analyzes key areas of both

  … Read More »
• November 01, 1996 / By William Durch
  UN Peacekeeping, American Policy, and the Uncivil Wars of the 1990s
  

  Edited by William J. Durch

  This book evaluates American policy toward peacekeeping in the mid-1990s, and presents detailed case studies of UN operations in Angola, Cambodia, El Salvador,

  … Read More »
• July 01, 1994 / By Barry Blechman, J. Matthew Vaccaro
  Training for Peacekeeping: The United Nations’ Role
  

  Stimson Report 12

  This report surveyed national training programs for peacekeeping, analyzed four decades of UN peacekeeping casualty data, and concluded that better training could make

  … Read More »
• April 15, 1994 / By Michael Krepon, Mishi Farquee
  Conflict Prevention and Confidence-Building Measures in South Asia: The 1990 Crisis
  

  Michael Krepon and Mishi Faruqee, eds.

  Was there a near-nuclear war between India and Pakistan in 1990? To help set the record straight, the Stimson Center convened a meeting on February

  … Read More »
• February 01, 1994
  Peacekeeping and the US National Interest
  

  Stimson Report 11

  Co-Chairs, Senator Nancy L. Kassebaum and Representative Lee H. Hamilton

  While the end of the Cold War removed the clear threat to US security posed by Soviet armed

  … Read More »
• June 01, 1993 / By Virginia Page Fortna
  Regional Organizations and Peacekeeping
  

  At a time when the UN was struggling to find the resources to cope with a rising tide of regional conflict and rapidly growing demand for its peacekeeping services, this paper examined

  … Read More »
• May 01, 1993 / By Mona Ghali
  Non-UN Peacekeeping in the Middle East
  

  United Nations peacekeeping operations have been underway continuously in the Middle East since 1948. But there also have been non-UN operations. This paper presents detailed case

  … Read More »
• February 01, 1993 / By William Durch
  The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping: Case Studies and Comparative Analysis
  

  Edited by William J. Durch

  This is the first comprehensive post-Cold War assessment of this important tool of conflict containment, its rapid growth and development, the factors that

  … Read More »
• March 01, 1992 / By William Durch, Barry Blechman
  Keeping the Peace: The United Nations in the Emerging World Order
  

  The final report of the Center’s first peacekeeping project detailed UN procedures political, financial, and logistical for setting up and running peacekeeping operations and, on the

  … Read More »