Future of Peace Operations Program
Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities
This project of the Future of Peace Operations program at the Henry L. Stimson Center focuses on working with the United Nations, the African Union, and other regional organizations to strengthen the capacity and preparation of military forces to successfully protect civilians from genocide and mass atrocities. The project is led by Stimson Research Fellow Alison Giffen, and is made possible through the generous support of Humanity United and the MacArthur Foundation.
One Page Description of Project
EVENTS: Giffen briefs American Engagement Caucus | Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit Released | Giffen Serves as Subject Matter Expert for African Union Symposium on Protection of Civilians | Australia-Uruguay Permanent Mission Protection of Civilians Roundtable | Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations Independent Study Launch | Giffen Addresses Increasing Global Preparedness Recommendations at Wilton Park Conference on Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection | Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities International Workshop | Kelly Serves as Instructor for Raphael Lemkin Seminar Series for Genocide Prevention | Holt Heads Panel "A United Nations Conference on Robust Peacekeeping: Exploring the Challenges in Doctrine, Commitments and Conduct of Operations" at Wilton Park | Holt Addresses UN Security Council | Wilton Park Conference | Auschwitz Seminar | Genocide Prevention Task Force Releases Report | Roundtable on Protection Strategies | ICG-UNU Event at UN | Stimson Workshop in Ghana | Workshop With African Civil Society
PUBLICATIONS: Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit: Developing Guidance to Prevent and Respond to Widespread or Systematic Attacks Against Civilians | Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations | Halting Widespread or Systematic Attacks Against Civilians | The Impossible Mandate Book | Civilian Protection Publications | Spotlight Analyses
MEDIA: Voice on Genocide Prevention Podcast | "No More Rwandas" Radio Show
RESOURCES: Global Helicopter Inventory | Security Council Mandates | Military Doctrine | Additional Sources
Giffen Briefs American Engagement Caucus in the House of representatives on "Protecting Civilians in Armed Conflict: Translating US NAtional Security Strategy Aspirations into Reality"
On June 17, 2010, Alison Giffen, Research Fellow and Deputy Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, briefed the American Engagement Caucus in the House of Representatives on "Protecting Civilians in Armed Conflict: Translating US National Security Strategy Aspirations into Reality." The 2010 National Security Strategy commits the United States to build support in other countries “to contribute to sustaining global peace and stability operations, through UN peacekeeping and regional organizations and to work both multilaterally and bilaterally to mobilize diplomatic, humanitarian, financial, and—in certain instances—military means to prevent and respond to genocide and mass atrocities.” At the briefing, Alison Giffen and Erin Weir, Refugee International’s Senior Advocate for Peacekeeping, discussed how ready the United Nations, regional organizations and/or single nations are to effectively prevent and respond to widespread and systematic abuse against civilians and what steps they should take to meet this commitment.
Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit: Developing Guidance to Prevent and REspond to Widespread or Systematic Attacks Against Civilians
Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit is a report of the findings from the Future of Peace Operations program's international experts’ workshop held at the UK Defence Academy in Shrivenham, UK in September 2009.
The international experts' workshop sought to address the challenges military leaders face when confronted with widespread and systematic violence against civilians. The workshop included a two-day simulation exercise portraying a protection crisis in a fictional country, and allowed workshop participants to propose and evaluate courses of action to protect civilians.
The workshop’s goal was to capture best practices, lessons learned, and insights that could be distilled into principles for militaries tasked to protect civilians. The principles are intended to catalyze or influence the development of doctrine, guidance, and training specific to the protection of civilians.
Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit was launched to the public at a roundtable held at the Stimson Center on 26 May 2010.
PDF copies of Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit as well as the simulation materials used in the workshop can be viewed/downloaded as follows:
Addressing the Doctrinal Deficit
Simulation Materials: Workshop Simulation Guidelines
Simulation Materials: Kisubi Country Study
Simulation Materials: Road to Conflict
Simulation Materials: Police and Military Profile
Giffen Serves as Subject Matter Expert for African Union Symposium on Protection of Civilians
In March 2010, Alison Giffen, Research Fellow and Deputy Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, attended the African Union Symposium on Protection of Civilians in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The African Union and Asia Pacific Civil-Military Centre of Excellence hosted the symposium, which considered draft guidelines for the protection of civilians in African Union peace support operations. Alison Giffen was invited to serve as a subject matter expert for the symposium and a co-facilitator of a drafting working group on the role of intelligence and information gathering in the protection of civilians. Alison Giffen contributed to the drafting of the draft protection of civilians guidelines that were considered at the Symposium.
During the Symposium, Ambassador Augustine P. Mahiga (Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of the United Republic of Tanzania to the United Nations), head of the research team of the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)-commissioned independent study, Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges, gave a presentation on the study’s findings.
Australia-Uruguay Permanent Mission Protection of Civilians Roundtable
In January 2010, the Australian Permanent Mission to the United Nations and the Uruguayan Permanent Mission to the United Nations hosted a roundtable in New York at the Millennium Plaza Hotel on the protection of civilians in UN peacekeeping. The event focused on the findings and recommendations of the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs-commissioned independent study, Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges, by Victoria Holt and Glyn Taylor with Max Kelly. At the time the study was undertaken, Victoria Holt and Max Kelly were Stimson Center staff and the Stimson Center provided research, project management and editing support. Author Glyn Taylor, research team director, Ambassador Augustine P. Mahiga (Permanent Representative, Permanent Mission of the United Republic of Tanzania to the United Nations), representatives of the commissioning agencies and representatives of UN troop and police contributing countries presented the study’s recommendations and discussed efforts to implement the recommendations.
Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges
In December 2009, the United Nations released a much-anticipated independent study, Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges.
One and a half years in the making, the independent study was commissioned by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). The report was authored by Victoria Holt who was a Senior Associate at the Stimson Center at the time the study was written and Glyn Taylor of Humanitarian Outcomes, with Max Kelly, Future of Peace Operations Program consultant. The team was assisted by Alison Giffen, Deputy Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, and Guy Hammond, Research Assistant. Over the course of the study’s development, the team conducted extensive desk, primary and field research including visits to four UN peacekeeping missions in the DRC (MONUC), Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI), and Sudan (UNMIS and UNAMID). The study was informed by consultations with the UN Secretariat and the study’s advisory group, composed of distinguished personalities in the field.
The study examines the steps taken to transform Security Council resolutions mandating peacekeeping missions to protect civilians into effective efforts on the ground—following the ‘chain’ of actions that support that process. As such, the study looks at the elaboration of mandates in the Security Council; explores the planning and preparations for missions, primarily within the UN Secretariat; and then considers UN peacekeeping missions themselves, including their interactions with host states and humanitarian actors.
The security of civilians in post-conflict environments is critical to the legitimacy and credibility of UN peacekeeping missions, the peace agreements they are deployed to help implement, and the institution of the United Nations itself. Likewise, the role of peacekeeping missions in the protection of civilians requires the political support of the Security Council and the main parties to the conflict. This lesson is not new, but needs emphasis, especially given the challenges facing modern peacekeeping missions.
To read the study, click here.
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Stimson had the privilege of launching the study along with partner organization Refugees International’s study The Last Line of Defense: How Peacekeepers Can Better Protect Civilians, which is available here.
The launch was part of a roundtable titled Peacekeeping and the Protection of Civilians, held at Stimson on February 25, 2010 and featuring the following speakers:
Research Consultant for the Stimson Center’s
Future of Peace Operations Program
Contributing Author to Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges.
Erin A. Weir
Senior Peacekeeping Advocate for Refugees International
Alison Giffen
Deputy Director and Research Fellow for the Stimson Center's
Future of Peace Operations Program
Michael L. Smith
Program Director, Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI), in the
Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, U.S. Department of State
Giffen Addresses Increasing Global Preparedness Recommendations at Wilton Park Conference on Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection
Lieutenant General (retired) Jasbir Singh Lidder, the United Nations Secretary-General's Deputy Special Representative for the Sudan, delivered the keynote address at the October 2009 Wilton Park Conference on Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection. His remarks included recommendations from the Stimson Center’s Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities workshop. Hosted by Wilton Park, UNITAR, and The Open University, this conference considered needs and methodologies for more effective training on civilian protection for UN peacekeeping operations.
Alison Giffen, Research Fellow and Deputy Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, also addressed recommendations from the Increasing Global Preparedness workshop during the conference. The United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs shared research from the independent study, Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges, which Stimson former staff Victoria Holt and Max Kelly helped to author and for which the Stimson Center provided research, project management and editing support.
Kelly Serves as Instructor for Raphael Lemkin Seminar Series for Genocide Prevention
In October 2009, Max Kelly, Research Consultant to the Future of Peace Operations, travelled to Auschwitz, Poland as an instructor for the Raphael Lemkin Seminar Series for Genocide Prevention. The seminar brought together foreign service and diplomatic professionals from more than a dozen countries for a week of courses, discussion, and reflection on the causes of mass atrocity and policy options to prevent and respond to such threats. Kelly led a discussion on options for outside military intervention to prevent and respond to genocide and mass atrocities, drawing on past cases to illuminate the concepts, challenges, trade-offs, and requirements of various approaches.
Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities International Workshop
In September 2009, the Stimson Center’s Future of Peace Operations program hosted a workshop, Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities, at the UK Defence Academy in Shrivenham. The workshop launched a Stimson-led effort to develop doctrine and training specific to the protection of civilians for military operations mandated to protect civilians. The workshop engaged former UN civilian and military commanders, UN Secretariat representatives, UN trainers, current and former representatives of regional organizations (African Union, ECOWAS and NATO), doctrine writers, academic experts, partner NGOs and US military personnel from past military operations deployed in the midst of protection crises. The workshop was centered around a simulation exercise designed to capture best practices and lessons learned that could be distilled into draft doctrinal principles and other guidance. In subsequent months, Stimson Center staff and experts worked with workshop participants and a community of practice to develop the workshop findings into draft doctrinal principles. The workshop was made possible by the generous support of Humanity United, the MacArthur Foundation, the Mass Atrocity Response Operations project and the UK Government.
Holt Heads Panel "A United Nations Conference on Robust Peacekeeping: Exploring the Challenges in Doctrine, Commitments and Conduct of Operations" at Wilton Park
Victoria Holt, former Co-Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, headed a panel at “A United Nations Conference on Robust Peacekeeping: Exploring the Challenges in Doctrine, Commitments and Conduct of Operations” held at Wilton Park, UK, from 14-16 May 2009. Presenting to a prestigious group of attendees—including Senior Military Officers from 30 major troop contributing countries (TCCs), representatives of the five permanent Member States of the UN Security Council, and senior officials from the UN and regional organizations—Holt explored doctrinal issues on how Security Council mandates to protect civilians (including women) affect robust peacekeeping, and whether and how force can be used to uphold the mandate. This conference took a step toward solutions by helping TCCs develop a common understanding of robust peacekeeping requirements, as well as by assisting the Office of the Military Adviser and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) to identify priorities in planning future peacekeeping missions.
Holt Addresses UN Security Council
On 11 June 2008, former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt spoke before all 15 members of the United Nations Security Council on the role of military peacekeepers in protecting civilians from sexual violence during armed conflict. The meeting followed the "Arria Formula," a format intended to increase Council access to information from experts outside of governments and international organizations.
This Arria meeting was organized by the United Kingdom's Mission to the UN to complement the 19 June debate on sexual violence in conflict, a debate organized by the United States during its June tenure as President of the Security Council. During that debate, chaired by US Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice, the Council approved the landmark resolution 1820. For the first time, this resolution designated sexual violence during armed conflict to be an international security concern, thereby establishing unequivocally that this form of violence warrants attention and action by the Security Council.
Click here to read Security Council Resolution 1820
WILTON PARK CONFERENCE
Former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt participated in a landmark conference on the protection of women from sexual and gender-based violence during conflict, held in May 2008 at the United Kingdom's Wilton Park. The conference, titled “Women Targeted or Affected by Armed Conflict: What Role for Military Peacekeepers?”, was co-sponsored by the UN Development Fund for Women and the UN Department for Peacekeeping Operations. Holt spoke on a panel titled “Perspectives on Protecting Women Against Violence in Contemporary Conflicts: Military Responses,” along with Lieutenant General Jasbir Singh Lidder, the former Force Commander for the UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS).
Conference participants included current ambassadors to the UN, including US Permanent Representative Zalmay Khalilzad; ambassadors from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), United Kingdom, Canada, and Ghana; former UN force commanders from India, Nigeria, and the Netherlands; current DPKO and UN project staff; and current and former UN peacekeepers (military and police), including Michael Fryer, the police commissioner for the AU-UN Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID).
Click here for the conference program and report.
Auschwitz Institute For Peace and Reconciliation
In May 2008, FOPO Research Analyst Joshua Smith travelled to Auschwitz, Poland to participate in the inaugural session of the Raphael Lemkin Seminar Series for Genocide Prevention. The event brought together 20 foreign service and diplomatic professionals from more that a dozen countries, as well as leading genocide scholars, for a week of courses, discussion, and reflection on the causes of genocide and possible policy responses. Smith led a discussion on some of the military options available to outside actors to prevent and respond to genocide and mass atrocities, drawing on past cases to illuminate the concepts, challenges, trade-offs, and requirements of various options.
Africa Research Trip:
VISIT to African Union and ECOWAS Headquarters
In April 2008, former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt and Research Analyst Joshua Smith traveled to Abuja, Nigeria and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia as part of a delegation representing the Genocide Prevention Task Force. The purpose of the trip was to meet with officials of the African Union (AU) and Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS) about the prevention of genocide on the continent. Discussions focused on capacity-building initiatives in the areas of early warning, mediation, and the development of standby forces to respond to mass violence against civilians.
Stimson Workshop in Ghana
Halting Widespread or Systematic Attacks on Civilians
The Stimson Center and the Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Center hosted a high-level workshop held in Accra, Ghana that brought together senior military officers with experience in peace operations to address the military options for protecting civilians at risk of violence.
Download full Workshop Report: Halting Widespread or Systematic Attacks on Civilians: Military Strategies and Operational Concepts
PODCAST:
"VOICES ON GENOCIDE PREVENTION" PODCAST
On 7 December 2007, former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt was interviewed by In this interview, she discusses the challenges that peacekeeping forces have faced in genocidal situations, and what that implies for the hybrid UN-AU force in Darfur and for the future.
Genocide Prevention TASK FORCE Releases report
Genocide Prevention Task Force, Co-Chaired By Former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and former Secretary of Defense William Cohen, Releases Report
Former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt was the Chair of the Military Intervention Expert Group for the Genocide Prevention Task Force. Jointly organized by the American Academy of Diplomacy, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the United States Institute of Peace, the Task Force was established to evaluate and improve the U.S. government's capacity to address genocide and mass atrocities. The recently released report considers the role of early warning, pre-crisis engagement, preventive diplomacy, military intervention, and international institutions in preventing genocide, and provides a blueprint to enable future U.S. action.
Stimson ROUNDTABLE on Protection Strategies
Protecting Civilians from Mass Atrocities:
Strategies, Safe Areas, and Lessons From the Field
On 23 October 2007, the Future of Peace Operations program hosted a roundtable exploring specific missions and strategies aimed at protecting civilians from physical harm, including lessons from “humanitarian interventions” in the 1990s; the use of “safe areas” such as in Northern Iraq and the Balkans; and recent experiences in the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the UN mission (MONUC) has developed unique and innovative strategies to prevent and respond to widespread attacks against civilians.
ICG-UNU EVENT AT UNITED NATIONS
Preventing Mass Atrocities: From Mandate to Realization
On 10 October 2007, former FOPO co-director Victoria Holt took part in a conference, "Preventing Mass Atrocities: From Mandate to Realizationation," at the United Nations Headquarters in New York. The event, sponsored by the International Crisis Group and the UN University, included presentations from Jean-Marie Guehenno (Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping) and Francis Deng (Special Advidor on the Prevention of Genocide). Holt spoke about the operational challenges facing UN missions, such as the newly authorized AU-UN Hybrid Force in Darfur, attempting to protect civilians in volatile environments.
Stimson Center Book 
The Impossible Mandate?
Military Preparedness,
the Responsibility to Protect,
and Modern Peace Operations
by Victoria K. Holt and Tobias C. Berkman
This book from the Future of Peace Operations Program addresses the question of whether the world is prepared to use military force to protect civilians from mass violence?
In an effort to publicize the gaps identified by this book, the Stimson Center and Foreign Affairs Canada sponsored book launches in Washington, Ottowa, New York, Brussels, and London. All of these events were well attended and brought together practitioners and scholars from diverse fields. Many of the military officers that attended acknowledged the importance of better training and guidance that militaries around the world require to effectively operationalize the responsibility to protect.
To read Mary Kaldor's review in the August-September 2008 edition of Survival, click here.
RADIO SHOW
No More Rwandas: Protecting the Innocents
Former FOPO co-director Victoria K. Holt comments during an in-depth radio program that discusses the recent attempts to develop strategies to combat genocide and other mass attacks on civilians.
Workshop with African Civil Society
Responsibility to Protect in Africa
In October 2006, the Future of Peace Operations program participated in a workshop to discuss strategies for garnering political will among regional leaders for the "responsibility to protect" in Africa.
Civilian Protection Publications
Military and Civilian Protection: Developing Roles and Capacities
This chapter, by former FOPO co-director Victoria K. Holt, drawn from a research report released by the Humanitarian Policy Group, explores these questions and traces the evolution of military roles related to the protection of civilians in the midst of conflict.
The Responsibility to Protect:
Considering the Operational Capacity for Civilian Protection
This draft working paper by former FOPO co-director Victoria K. Holt addresses national militaries' and international organizations' operational capacity to protect civilians from genocide, ethnic cleansing, and mass death. It was revised in January 2005 following a workshop held at the Stimson Center in December 2004 that brought together military leaders, scholars, and humanitarians.
Spotlight Analyses
As part of the Stimson Center's commitment to offering timely analysis of current global issues and challenges, two new short opinion pieces are presented on the website each week. The following are Spotlight Analysis pieces related to the preventing and halting genocide and mass atrocities against civilians.
Peacekeepers Protecting Civilians: A Decade of Reform
By Alison Giffen and Guy Hammond
March 29, 2010
Ten years ago, the UN Security Council began committing peacekeepers to protect civilians and prevent the sorts of atrocities that occurred in Rwanda and Srebrenica in the mid-1990s. But promising and providing protection are two different things, as peacekeepers have found in Sudan and elsewhere.
The situation in the DRC demonstrates that rebuilding failed states requires more force and resources than the UN can muster. If the international community is serious about protecting civilians from civil violence, it must drop the pretense of impartiality, develop a concrete objective, and pursue it with the requisite resources.
Why “Do Something” is Not a Strategy
By Victoria K. Holt
Zimbabwe’s recent political violence generated calls for the world leaders to “do something” to protect targeted civilians. Such appeals, however, lack clarity, resources and an underlying strategy.
The DRC: Bush's Missed Opportunity in Africa
By Katherine N. Andrews
While in Africa recently, President Bush was moved by memorials to the Rwandan genocide and urged world leaders to resolve the Darfur crisis. The humanitarian calamity in neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo, however, is even more deserving of international attention.
Finally…a UN Mission in Darfur: The First Step in a Long, Difficult Journey
by Kristine St. Pierre and Joshua G. Smith
September 26, 2007
In his address to the General Assembly on Tuesday, President Bush called on the UN to “live up to its promise to promptly deploy peacekeeping forces to Darfur.” Getting the forces deployed, however, is the easy part compared to the challenges that lie ahead.
No Time to Think: Military Leaders & Halting Mass Atrocities
by Victoria K. Holt
June 26, 2007
Without advance preparation to support deployed forces, missions that encounter physical threats to civilian populations too often must make up strategies on the ground - and hope for the best.
Darfur, Iraq or Rwanda: What Can Militaries do to Protect Civilians?
by Victoria K. Holt and Joshua G. Smith
April 26, 2007
What do Sudan and Iraq have in common? In both countries, international military forces are grappling with the question of how best to protect civilians from extreme levels of violence and mass atrocities. As international ambitions grow to embrace a responsibility to protect civilians from genocide and such violence, however, much work is needed to translate this goal into reality.
RESOURCES
Global Helicopter Inventory: Amidst the ongoing challenge of securi3E
Darfur, Iraq or Rwanda: What Can Militaries do to Protect Civilians?
by Victoria K. Holt and Joshua G. Smith
April 26, 2007
What do Sudan and Iraq have in common? In both countries, international military forces are grappling with the question of how best to protect civilians from extreme levels of violence and mass atrocities. As international ambitions grow to embrace a responsibility to protect civilians from genocide and such violence, however, much work is needed to translate this goal into reality.
RESOURCES
Global Helicopter Inventory: Amidst the ongoing challenge of securi"" align="right" />Finally…a UN Mission in Darfur: The First Step in a Long, Difficult Journey
by Kristine St. Pierre and Joshua G. Smith
September 26, 2007
In his address to the General Assembly on Tuesday,e agreements they are deployed to help implement, and the institution of the United Nations itself. Likewise, the role of peacekeeping missions in the protection of civilians requires the political support of the Security Council and the main parties to the conflict. This lesson is not new, but needs emphasis, especially given the challenges facing modern peacekeeping missions.
To read the study, click here.
Stimson had the privilege of launching the study along with partner organization Refugees International’s study The Last Line of Defense: How Peacekeepers Can Better Protect Civilians, which is available here.
The launch was part of a roundtable titled Peacekeeping and the Protection of Civilians, held at Stimson on February 25, 2010 and featuring the following speakers:
Research Consultant for the Stimson Center’s
Future of Peace Operations Program
Contributing Author to Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges.
Erin A. Weir
Senior Peacekeeping Advocate for Refugees International
Alison Giffen
Deputy Director and Research Fellow for the Stimson Center's
Future of Peace Operations Program
Michael L. Smith
Program Director, Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI), in the
Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, U.S. Department of State
Giffen Addresses Increasing Global Preparedness Recommendations at Wilton Park Conference on Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection
Lieutenant General (retired) Jasbir Singh Lidder, the United Nations Secretary-General's Deputy Special Representative for the Sudan, delivered the keynote address at the October 2009 Wilton Park Conference on Peacekeeping and Civilian Protection. His remarks included recommendations from the Stimson Center’s Increasing Global Preparedness to Protect Civilians from Mass Atrocities workshop. Hosted by Wilton Park, UNITAR, and The Open University, this conference considered needs and methodologies for more effective training on civilian protection for UN peacekeeping operations.
Alison Giffen, Research Fellow and Deputy Director of the Future of Peace Operations Program, also addressed recommendations from the Increasing Global Preparedness workshop during the conference. The United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs shared research from the independent study,